What are the functions of a Geospatial Information System (GIS)?

A Geospatial Information System (GIS) is designed primarily to collect, manage, analyze, and visualize spatial data. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the foundational role of GIS in handling various types of geographic and spatial data. This includes data related to geography, mapping, and various layers of information that can represent physical features, demographic details, and environmental factors. GIS enables users to integrate multiple data sources, perform spatial analysis, and generate maps, which can inform decision-making across different sectors, including urban planning, disaster management, and environmental monitoring.

The other options mentioned do not align with the core functions of GIS. Organizing personnel for missions, while relevant within certain operational contexts, does not pertain to the primary capabilities of GIS. Monitoring private sector investments falls outside the spatial analysis realm of GIS, as it typically involves financial and economic data that may not be intrinsically geographic. Conducting psychological operations also does not reflect the technical capabilities and applications of GIS, which focus instead on managing and analyzing geographic information.